Date of Publication

11-2025

Document Type

Dissertation/Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Biology

Subject Categories

Biology

College

College of Science

Department/Unit

Biology

Thesis Advisor

Esperanza C. Cabrera

Defense Panel Chair

Mariquit M. De Los Reyes

Defense Panel Member

Glenn G. Oyong
Rich Milton R. Dulay

Abstract (English)

Edible mushrooms are emerging as valuable sources of bioactive metabolites with potential anticancer applications. This study investigated the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of crude ethanolic extracts from Pleurotus florida, Pleurotus djamor, and Volvariella volvacea on human colorectal carcinoma cell lines HCT-116 and HT-29, and normal human liver THLE-3 cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the resazurin assay. Based on the reference established by the Mycological Society of America, all three mushrooms were significantly cytotoxic to the carcinoma cell lines, with IC50 values < 1 mg/mL. P. djamor was highly cytotoxic to HT-29 and V. volvacea to HCT-116 (IC50 < 0.1 mg/mL), while P. florida required higher concentrations (0.5137 mg/mL for HCT-116; 0.2717 mg/mL for HT-29). All extracts were non-cytotoxic to THLE-3 (IC50 > 1 mg/mL), indicating selective cytotoxicity. RT-qPCR analysis showed that P. florida and P. djamor upregulated CASP3 and Bax in both cell lines, while V. volvacea downregulated both genes in HCT-116. It likewise downregulated CASP3, but upregulated Bax in HT-29. The results highlight the potential of the mushroom extracts studied as novel anticancer therapeutics, inducing the apoptotic pathway in P. florida and P. djamor, as well as non-apoptotic regulated cell death or a Caspase-3-independent apoptotic pathway in V. volvacea.

Keywords: Pleurotus florida, Pleurotus djamor, Volvariella volvacea, cytotoxicity, colorectal carcinoma, Bax, CASP3

Abstract Format

html

Abstract (Filipino)

Ang mga nakakain na kabute ay umuusbong bilang mahalagang pinagmumulan ng mga bioactive metabolite na may potensyal bilang gamot sa cancer.Inimbestigahan ng pag-aaral na ito ang mga cytotoxic at pro-apoptotic na epekto ng mga krudo na ethanolic extract mula sa Pleurotus florida, Pleurotus djamor, at Volvariella volvacea sa human colorectal carcinoma cell lines HCT-116 at HT-29, at normal na human liver THLE-3 cells. Ang cytotoxicity ay nasuri gamit ang resazurin assay. ng 72 oras. Batay sa reperensya na itinatag ng Mycological Society of America, ang lahat ng tatlong kabute ay significantly cytotoxic sa HCT-116 at HT-29, na may mga halaga ng IC50 /mL. P. djamor ay highly na cytotoxic sa HT-29 at V. volvacea sa HCT-116 (IC50 < 0.1 mg/mL), habang and P. florida nangangailangan ng mas mataas na konsentrasyon (0.5137 mg/mL para sa HCT-116; 0.2717 mg/mL para sa HT-29). Ang lahat ng mga extract ay hindi cytotoxic sa THLE-3 (IC50 > 1 mg/mL), na nagpapakita ng selective cytotoxicity. Pinatunayan ng pagsusuri gamit ng RT-qPCR, ang P. florida at P. djamor ay itinaas ang ekspresyon ng CASP3 at Bax sa parehong human colorectal carcinoma cell line, habang ang V. volvacea ay binaba ang ekespresyon ng CASP3 at Bax sa HCT-116. Binaba din nito ang ekespresyon ng CASP3, ngunit itinaas ang ekpresyon ng Bax sa HT-29. Ang mga resulta ay nag-uudyat ng potensyal ng mga krudo na ethanolic extract ng mga pinag-aralang kabute bilang bagong anticancer na gamot, na umuudyok sa mga apoptotic pathway sa P. florida at P. djamor, pati na rin ang non-apoptotic regulated cell death o Caspase-3-independent apoptotic pathway sa V. volvacea.

Keywords: Pleurotus florida, Pleurotus djamor, Volvariella volvacea, cytotoxicity, colorectal carcinoma, Bax, CASP3

Abstract Format

html

Language

English

Format

Electronic

Keywords

Edible mushrooms; Pleurotus; Volvariella volvacea; Cell-mediated cytotoxicity; Rectum—Cancer

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Embargo Period

12-12-2026

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Available for download on Saturday, December 12, 2026

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