Date of Publication
10-2025
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology major in Clinical Psychology
Subject Categories
Cognitive Psychology
College
College of Liberal Arts
Department/Unit
Psychology
Thesis Advisor
Cely D. Magpantay
Defense Panel Chair
Roberto E. Javier, Jr.
Defense Panel Member
Maria Caridad H. Tarroja
Hector M. Perez
Sixtus Dane A. Ramos
Marc Eric S. Reyes
Abstract (English)
Cognitive control activates through two distinct yet interacting mechanisms—proactive and reactive control—as described by the Dual Mechanisms of Control (DMC) theory. Individuals with history of methamphetamine use are often characterized by impaired executive functioning, but it remains unclear whether their control deficits are primarily behavioral, neurophysiological, or both. This study aimed to describe and compare the behavioral and neuropsychological (ERP) profiles of non-meth participants and methamphetamine users using the AX-Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT) and electroencephalography (EEG). Twenty-four male participants (12 per group) were assessed using the Proactive Behavioral Index (PBI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and ERP measures focused on AF3 and AF4 channels. Event-related potentials of interest included Cue-N2, Cue-P3, Target-N2, and Target-P3, analyzed separately for BX and AY conditions. Results revealed that methamphetamine users exhibited significantly higher PBI scores (p = .043, d = 0.88), suggesting greater reliance on proactive control. However, no significant group differences were found in impulsivity scores (BIS). ERP analyses demonstrated that methamphetamine users exhibited significantly more negative Cue-N2 amplitudes under BX conditions (p = .011), suggesting heightened reactive conflict monitoring. No significant ERP differences were found under AY conditions. Correlational analyses revealed weak and inconsistent associations between behavioral and ERP measures across both groups. These findings suggest that methamphetamine users may behaviorally rely on proactive strategies, but simultaneously exhibit heightened neural indicators of conflict during reactive control. It may reflect a rigid or compensatory strategy requiring increased neural effort. To further contextualize these findings, a multiple case study analysis was conducted among five selected methamphetamine users representing distinct cognitive control profiles. The cross-case analysis revealed heterogeneity in control strategies. These variations suggest that cognitive control among methamphetamine users may involve compensatory adaptations rather than uniform deficits. The results extend the DMC framework and highlight the value of multimodal assessment in clinical populations.
Abstract Format
html
Abstract (Filipino)
Ang cognitive control ay gumagana sa pamamagitan ng dalawang magkaibang ngunit magkakaugnay na mekanismo—ang proactive at reactive control—ayon sa Dual Mechanisms of Control (DMC) theory. Ang mga indibidwal na may karanasan sa paggamit ng methamphetamine ay karaniwang inuugnay sa kahinaan sa executive functioning; gayunpaman, hindi pa malinaw kung ang kakulangang ito ay pangunahing makikita sa antas ng pag-uugali, sa antas ng neurophysiological, o sa pareho.
Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na ilarawan at ihambing ang behavioral at neuropsychological (ERP) na mga profile ng mga kalahok na walang karanasan sa methamphetamine at mga gumagamit ng methamphetamine gamit ang AX-Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT) at electroencephalography (EEG). Dalawampu’t apat (24) na lalaking kalahok (12 bawat grupo) ang sinuri gamit ang Proactive Behavioral Index (PBI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), at mga ERP na sukat mula sa AF3 at AF4 channels. Ang mga ERP component na sinuri ay kinabibilangan ng Cue-N2, Cue-P3, Target-N2, at Target-P3, na hiwalay na inanalisa para sa BX at AY na kondisyon.
Ipinakita ng mga resulta na ang mga gumagamit ng methamphetamine ay may makabuluhang mas mataas na PBI scores (p = .043, d = 0.88), na nagpapahiwatig ng mas malakas na pag-asa sa proactive control. Gayunpaman, walang natagpuang pagkakaiba sa impulsivity scores (BIS) sa pagitan ng dalawang grupo. Sa antas ng ERP, natuklasan na ang mga methamphetamine users ay may mas negatibong Cue-N2 amplitudes sa BX kondisyon (p = .011), na nagpapahiwatig ng mas mataas na reactive conflict monitoring. Wala namang makabuluhang pagkakaiba sa ERP ang nakita sa AY kondisyon. Ipinakita rin ng correlational analyses na mahina at hindi konsistent ang ugnayan sa pagitan ng mga behavioral at ERP na sukat sa parehong grupo.
Ipinahihiwatig ng mga natuklasan na bagama’t umaasa ang mga methamphetamine users sa proactive strategies sa antas ng pag-uugali, sabay naman silang nagpapakita ng mas mataas na neural na indikasyon ng conflict sa reactive control. Maaaring ito ay sumasalamin sa isang mas rigid o compensatory na paraan ng pagkontrol na nangangailangan ng mas mataas na neural effort.
Upang higit na maunawaan ang mga resultang ito, isinagawa rin ang isang multiple case study analysis sa limang piling methamphetamine users na kumakatawan sa iba’t ibang profile ng cognitive control. Ipinakita ng cross-case analysis ang pagkakaiba-iba sa mga estratehiya ng kontrol. Ang mga baryasyong ito ay nagpapahiwatig na ang cognitive control sa mga methamphetamine users ay maaaring bunga ng mga compensatory adaptations sa halip na iisang uri ng kakulangan.
Sa kabuuan, pinapalawak ng mga resulta ang DMC framework at binibigyang-diin ang kahalagahan ng paggamit ng multimodal assessment sa pag-unawa sa mga klinikal na populasyon.
Abstract Format
html
Language
English
Format
Electronic
Keywords
Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology); Retroactive interference (Psychology); Methamphetamine abuse
Recommended Citation
Abrera, A. C. (2025). Proactive and reactive inhibitory control strategies among methamphetamine users: An evidence from event-related potentials (ERP). Retrieved from https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etdd_psych/13
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Embargo Period
4-13-2029
