Extraction of local ginger essential oil using microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and steam distillation
Date of Publication
2007
Document Type
Bachelor's Thesis
Degree Name
Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering
Subject Categories
Chemical Engineering
College
Gokongwei College of Engineering
Department/Unit
Chemical Engineering
Thesis Adviser
Marylou Uy
Defense Panel Chair
Susan A. Roces
Defense Panel Member
Pag-asa D. Gaspillo
Florinda F. Bacani
Abstract/Summary
Ginger oil was extracted from the air-dried rhizomes of Zingiber officinale by steam distillation and microwave assisted extraction (MAE). Conditions for MAE were varied and the setting with ethanol as solvent, 1 minute extraction time at 60°C, 20 g sample per 70 ml solvent, gave the highest yield of 2.185%. For steam distillation where 200 g sample was distilled for 4 hours at room temperature, the yield was only 0.180%. Physicochemical tests of the steam distilled oil gave the following values: refractive index (25°), 1.48 specific gravity (25°), 0.86 acid and ester numbers were 3.83 and 8.67 respectively. For the MAE, refractive index was undetermined due to the color, acid number was 0.012, ester number was 0.028 and the specific gravity (25°) was 0.762. The GC-MS analyses of the extracts were also determined and steam distilled oil were found to contain the following compounds: zingiberene, sesquiphellandrene, farnesene, phellandrene, nerolidol, geranial, curcumene and linalool. Of the major components mentioned by Yonei et al (1995) and Macleod et al (1987) only neral and camphene were undetected. Geranial was responsible for the lemony odor and phellandrene was the major volatile component of local steam distilled oil. On the other hand, the MAE extract contained both the volatile and the non-volatile components of ginger. Zingiberene was the major volatile compound and gingerol was the main non-volatile component. The MAE extract which was viscous and dark brown in color is the oleoresin. Thus, MAE alone was not able to recover the essential oil therefore further extraction procedure must be performed to separate the essential oil from the oleoresin.
Abstract Format
html
Language
English
Format
Accession Number
TU13988
Shelf Location
Archives, The Learning Commons, 12F, Henry Sy Sr. Hall
Physical Description
vi, 96 leaves: ill.; 29 cm.
Keywords
Essences and essential oils
Recommended Citation
Broncano, M. C., Manongdo, J. T., & Oliveros, L. R. (2007). Extraction of local ginger essential oil using microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and steam distillation. Retrieved from https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etd_bachelors/7300