Hardness of tap water samples in Manila City, Philippines through complexometric titration
College
College of Science
Department/Unit
Biology
Document Type
Article
Source Title
National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Volume
7
Issue
12
First Page
1385
Last Page
1389
Publication Date
1-1-2017
Abstract
Background: Water hardness varies depending on the source, treatment procedures, and pipeline conditions among others, though not of immediate concern in water quality control but may have significant health, infrastructural, or industrial effects. Aims and Objectives: This study quantified, classified, analyzed, and compared hardness of tap water samples from household and commercial faucets across the six legislative districts of Manila City, Philippines through complexometric titration. Materials and Methods: Tap water samples were collected through stratified random sampling, and the hardness was subsequently measured through complexometric titration. Results: Using the United States Geological Survey Water Quality Information ordinal classification scheme, tap water samples have fluctuating values from “soft” to “very hard” qualitative description of the water hardness. Conclusion: Despite fluctuations in values, water hardness nonetheless passed the 2007 Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water. © 2017 Derick Erl P Sumalapao, et al.
html
Digitial Object Identifier (DOI)
10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0723613092017
Recommended Citation
Sumalapao, D. P., Balana, A. T., Obias, M. U., & Reyes, Y. A. (2017). Hardness of tap water samples in Manila City, Philippines through complexometric titration. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 7 (12), 1385-1389. https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0723613092017
Disciplines
Chemistry
Keywords
Water—Hardness--Philippines--Manila; Water quality--Philippines--Manila; Complexometric titration; Drinking water--Philippines--Manila; Water--Philippines--Manila—Analysis
Upload File
wf_no