Hardness of tap water samples in Manila City, Philippines through complexometric titration

College

College of Science

Department/Unit

Biology

Document Type

Article

Source Title

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Volume

7

Issue

12

First Page

1385

Last Page

1389

Publication Date

1-1-2017

Abstract

Background: Water hardness varies depending on the source, treatment procedures, and pipeline conditions among others, though not of immediate concern in water quality control but may have significant health, infrastructural, or industrial effects. Aims and Objectives: This study quantified, classified, analyzed, and compared hardness of tap water samples from household and commercial faucets across the six legislative districts of Manila City, Philippines through complexometric titration. Materials and Methods: Tap water samples were collected through stratified random sampling, and the hardness was subsequently measured through complexometric titration. Results: Using the United States Geological Survey Water Quality Information ordinal classification scheme, tap water samples have fluctuating values from “soft” to “very hard” qualitative description of the water hardness. Conclusion: Despite fluctuations in values, water hardness nonetheless passed the 2007 Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water. © 2017 Derick Erl P Sumalapao, et al.

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Digitial Object Identifier (DOI)

10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0723613092017

Disciplines

Chemistry

Keywords

Water—Hardness--Philippines--Manila; Water quality--Philippines--Manila; Complexometric titration; Drinking water--Philippines--Manila; Water--Philippines--Manila—Analysis

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