A new penal populism? Rodrigo Duterte, public opinion, and the war on drugs in the Philippines

College

College of Liberal Arts

Department/Unit

Political Science

Document Type

Article

Source Title

Journal of East Asian Studies

Volume

20

First Page

187

Last Page

205

Publication Date

2020

Abstract

Drawing on evidence from the Philippines, this paper investigates the so-called penal populism thesis. Penal populism refers to an understanding of justice in which criminal and anti-social activity should be harshly punished. The paper tests whether support for harsh penal policies, including the use of extrajudicial killings, is associated with underlying populist attitudes and preferences for charismatic leadership. Since coming to power in 2016, President Rodrigo Duterte has waged a violent and highly popular campaign against drug-related criminality. Based on survey modules fielded in 2016 and 2017, the paper demonstrates a positive relationship between populist attitudes and support for the campaign against illegal drugs in general and the extra-judicial killing of suspected drug users and dealers in particular. It also demonstrates a relationship between belief in the charisma of Duterte and support for the campaign against illegal drugs. The implications of the theory and results for the fields of populism and penal populism research are discussed.

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Disciplines

Political Science

Keywords

Populism—Philippines; Justice, Administration of—Political aspects—Philippines

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