Computational investigation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis catalase-peroxidase (katG) dependent activation of isoniazid

Date of Publication

2019

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Chemistry

Subject Categories

Bacteriology

College

College of Science

Department/Unit

Chemistry

Thesis Adviser

Francisco C. Franco, Jr.

Defense Panel Chair

Gerardo C. Janairo

Defense Panel Member

Junie B. Billones
Glenn G. Onyong
Glenn V. Alea

Abstract/Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the deadliest global epidemics throughout history. Isoniazid or isonicotinyl hydrazide (INH) is one of the most efficient drugs used to treat TB. INH is a prodrug that is thought to be activated by its reaction with the catalase-peroxide (katG) enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the bacterial pathogen that causes TB. However, there is no consensus on the exact mechanism of M. tb, katG dependent activation of INH and different studies lead to different theories. One of the theories is that INH binds near the heme cofactor of the enzyme to react with the two-electron oxidized oxyferryl heme intermediate compoundI (CpdI). Therefore, this study confirms this theory through the application of density functional theory calculations. INH was docked to katG and the best pose (-6.8 kcal/mol) was found to bind at the distal side of the heme cofactor in contact with the heme along with seven highly conserved amino acid residues to form hydrogen bonds except for Ile228 which exhibited the weakest interaction (-13.78 kcal/mol). The strongest interactions with INH were calculated for Agr104 (-39.64 kcal/mol) and Asp137 (-32.85 kal/mol). Molecular electrostatic potential surfaces revealed complementary dipole interactions between residues and INH. Frontier molecular orbitals and population analyses revealed that INH generally lost electron density because of orbitals that had more density in the RES molecule. Simulation pf CpdI models with varying set of atoms present on the proximal side ta the UB3LYP/6-31lg(d)/lanl2dz level of theory revealed impact of the Trp321 on the electronic properties of the heme. Without the Trp321 the heme assumed a triradical state with single electrons on πxz and πyz orbitals of Fe and another on the a₂u orbital of the porphyrin ring that can either be coupled with the first two, to form a high spin state, or decoupled to form a low spin state. With Trp 321, however, a transfer of an electron from πTrp orbital to a₂u porphy

Abstract Format

html

Language

English

Format

Print

Accession Number

TG07331

Shelf Location

Archives, The Learning Commons, 12F Henry Sy Sr. Hall

Physical Description

107 leaves; illustrations (some color); 28 cm.

Keywords

Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis; Isoniazid; Drugs

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