A proposed guidance program for Notre Dame of Manila elementary grades

Added Title

Behavioral group counseling in the elementary grade
Case of Clarissa

Date of Publication

1972

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Guidance and Counseling

Subject Categories

Counseling

College

Br. Andrew Gonzalez FSC College of Education

Department/Unit

Counseling and Educational Psychology

Thesis Adviser

Josefina Santamaria

Defense Panel Chair

Justin Lucian FSC

Defense Panel Member

Poidio Quiambao
Josefina Santamaria

Abstract/Summary

v. 1. This study draws up an organized guidance program which would meet the needs of the students in the elementary grades of Notre Dame of Manila. The need for an organized guidance program in the elementary department was determined through interviews with the school director, some teachers, some school personnel, and the writer's personal observations and experience as a teacher in the school. Then, from library research work and lectures on Organization and Administration of Guidance Services, an organized guidance program was proposed. Included in the proposed program are the objectives, services, budget and organizational set up. On the basis of the study, several conclusions are drawn. An organized guidance program is needed in the elementary department of Notre Dame of Manila as determined by the meager and unsystematic guidance services. The unsatisfactory services provided by the guidance department to the elementary pupils was mainly due to the absence of an organized guidance program and the lack of adequately trained personnel. In order to develop a well-rounded individual out of every child, the following services were proposed: (1) individual inventory, (2) counseling, (3) testing, (4) orientation, (5) placement, (6) information, and (7) research and evaluation. To find out the extent to which the program has attained its objectives, an evaluation should be conducted two or three years after its implementation. Cooperation among school administrators, teachers and other school personnel, parents and guidance counselor is most necessary if guidance is to be really meaningful and effective in the elementary grades. For effective operation of the guidance program, it is necessary to make provisions for the following: (1) equipped guidance office, (2) qualified guidance personnel, and (3) adequate guidance budget.

v. 2. This study modifies pupils' maladaptive classroom behaviors through behavioral group counseling, that is, seeing the counselees as a group instead of the usual one-to-one relationship and using behavior modification techniques in altering behavior. The subjects used in this study were six Grade Four pupils of a private Catholic boys school in one of the suburbs of Manila. The six pupils were found to be very disruptive during classes by four out of the six teachers handling that particular level. The materials used in the study were the Record Sheet, the Good Behavior Chart and the Checks. In applying the behavioral approach to group counseling, important considerations as pointed by Thoresen (Sherter and Stone, 1966) were kept in mind. The six basic procedures considered essential in conditioning operant behavior suggested by Blackham and Silberman (1971), guided the writer in conducting the group counseling process.

The following conclusions have been drawn as a result of this study. 1) Changes in the pupils' classroom behavior can be effected through counseling using behavior modification techniques such as role shift, extinction and positive reinforcement. 2) The token reinforcement used in this study was found to be liked by the counselees (all boys) who belong to the middle class and whose ages range from ten to thirteen. 3) Teachers' cooperation in counseling work is very important. 4) It is also good to keep the school head informed of the counseling activities. 5) The cooperation of the canteen and bookstore staff is also needed. 6) Privacy during group counseling session especially when it is held in a closed room is necessary. 7) Group counseling with children is a novel technique and definite facts about it have not been established through research. 8) Long interruptions of classes can have an adverse effect on behavioral group counseling.

v. 3. This case study finds out why the student is underachieving and, through the behavior modification process helps her overcome her difficulties so she could perform to the maximum level of her measured intelligence. Behavioral counseling was the approach employed by this counselor-in-training in her attempt to help the counselee overcome her difficulty.

The study set forth the following conclusions. As far as the behavioral goal set for his particular counseling was concerned, the SPAM treatment may be considered effective. The change in the counselee's behavior was effected because the counselee herself wanted to improve, and her teachers willingly cooperated in the behavior modification process. This study pointed out that some child rearing practices foster underachievement in children. Some of these practices are too much supervision, too much criticisms, insistence on complete obedience, unfavorable comparison among children, and lack of motivation from parents. The role of the classroom teacher in the development of the child's potential was also shown. Teachers need to recognize the capacities of their students and to help them develop these innate capacities. The importance of determining a child's mental capacity was also demonstrated. Thus, the administration of intelligence tests in the elementary grades is very important. Lastly, this study proved that underachievement can be overcome by modifying the students environment. This involves a change in the way adults treat a student. The use of behavioral counseling has been shown to be effective in changing a counselee's behavior in the classroom.

Abstract Format

html

Language

English

Format

Print

Accession Number

TG00637

Shelf Location

Archives, The Learning Commons, 12F Henry Sy Sr. Hall

Physical Description

3 v. in 1, 28 cm. ; Typescript

Keywords

Educational counseling; Group guidance in education; Behavior modification

This document is currently not available here.

Share

COinS