Added Title

Physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties of essential oil extracted from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) using the supercritical carbon dioxide

Date of Publication

2006

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Chemical Engineering

Subject Categories

Chemical Engineering

College

Gokongwei College of Engineering

Department/Unit

Chemical Engineering

Thesis Adviser

Pag-asa D. Gaspillo
Julius B. Maridable

Defense Panel Chair

Leonila C. Abella

Defense Panel Member

Joseph L. Auresenia
Raymond Girard R. Tan

Abstract/Summary

The essential oil of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) cultivated in the Philippines was obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction. The raw materials of air-dried Lemongrass leaves and stems (100 grams) and Patchouli leaves (50 grams), was extracted in the range of temperatures of 35oC 50oC and pressures of 90 110 atm, at a constant flow rate of CO2 of 0.5m3/hr. The static extraction time was conducted for 40 minutes before the dynamic extraction to enhance the extraction yield. The oil yield from supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was potentially higher by 1.09% to 4.45% compared to that from steam distillation process. The physico-chemical properties of extract at constant temperature and highest pressure were determined. The pH of lemongrass and patchouli extract was revealed acidic with refractive index of 1.4827 and 1.5012, respectively. Moreover, lemongrass extract show a high specific gravity of 0.963 while patchouli is at 0.968. The acid and ester value of lemongrass is at 18.03 and 4.53 and patchouli is 18.32 and 5.71. Evaporation by exposure to outside room temperature was about 2 to 3.8 times faster than at room temperature. A wide range of chemical components from the extracts were identified through gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The predominant components for lemongrass extract were citral (neral and geranial), myrcene, geraniol and linalool. In the case of patchouli extract, patchouli alcohol (patchoulol), bulnesene, guaiene, patchoulene and caryophellene have been found. The antimicrobial properties of both extracts were also investigated with microbiological tests against pathogenic strains of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative (Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans). The oils showed positively the different activities against these micro- ii - organisms with the various concentrations of 1000mg/ml, 100mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml. Key word: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide extraction, Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin), physico-chemical properties, antimicrobial activity.

Abstract Format

html

Language

English

Format

Electronic

Accession Number

CDTG004344

Shelf Location

Archives, The Learning Commons, 12F Henry Sy Sr. Hall

Physical Description

xvii, 125 leaves ; 28 cm.

Keywords

Supercritical fluid extraction; Lemongrass oil

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