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Home > NEMENZO_CORAL_INDEX > CORAL_ECHINOPORA_LITAE

Echinopora litae

Echinopora litae

Nemenzo & Montecillo, 1981

Corallum large, explanate, foliate; its base arising from dead portion of same colony; the folia, arising at intervals, arranged in tiers. Folium bifacial, semicircular in shape, horizontal in position; some deeply curled, others concave; edge very thin, sharp, slightly sinuate. Average folium 7 x 10 cm across.

Upper surface covered all over with circular or subcircular corallites of different dimensions, the smallest mostly along free border. Corallites mostly level with surface, protruding ones only slightly elevated; cylindrical; average diameter at base 5 mm, calice 3 mm. Some corallites appear to be either merging or dividing by intercalicinal fission, so that short linear rows of 2-4 or more found among those that do not show any discernible pattern of arrangement. Corallites unequally distant – from very close to 8 mm apart, measured from calicinal centers.

Septa in 3 cycles. Primaries (6) and secondaries (6) indistinguishable, both reaching columella, thinner than loculi; surface spinulate; edge cut into 2 or 3 tall spinulous vertical spines; inner portion drop vertically into deep fossa. Tertiaries appearing as low as ridges, far short of columella, some joining secondaries medially. Paliform lobes not very obvious.

Costae in form of very distinct rows of tall spinulous spines; rows continuous into intercalicinal areas without ridges connecting corallites; along outer edge of folium spines absent and very fine ridges appear.

Columella almost absent, appearing in some calices as very lax network of fibers.

The striking and very distinctive character of this species is the presence of very prominent – large, very protruding – corallites on under surface of folium. Like those on upper surface, corallites here unequally distant, unequal in size; some corallites cylindrical, others turbinate; some circular on top, others oval. Average height 5 mm; dividing corallite with 2 calicinal centers 4 x 7 mm across; another with 3 calicinal centers 8 x 11 mm. Smallest corallites some distances inward from free edge. Strip, around 10 mm wide devoid of corallites crossed by fine ridges, follows free margin of folium. Many corallites exhibit definite fission, producing 2, 3 or 4 centers. Septal picture similar to that of upper surface exceot that septal spines lower. Perithecl spines finer, lower, less spinulous, not as distinctly seriate as those on upper surface.

Remarks:
The most obvious distinction of this species is the presence of very prominently protruding corallites on the under surface, many exhibiting binary or multiple fission. Bifacial fronds are also seen among E. lamellose as described by Nemenzo (1959) but the corallites on the lower surface are low, small, not undergoing fission. Another specimen in our collection identified as E. gemmacea also has corallites on the under surface but they are not prominent and do not show intercalicinal division (see also Umbgrove 1959). The occurrence of fission in the new species introduces a question regarding its systematic position. Should it remain under Subfamily Montastreinae?

Source:
Nemenzo, F., & Montecillo, E. (1981). Four new scleractinian species from Arangasa Islet (Surigao del Sur Province, Philippines). The Philippine Scientist. 22: 157-167.

Taxonomic status:
Unaccepted

Accepted name:
Echinopora lamellosa (Esper, 1791)

Source:
WoRMS Editorial Board. (2024). World Register of Marine Species. Available from https://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. Accessed 2024-05-02. doi:10.14284/170

Material:
Fig 3 USC C-265 (Holotype) Arangasa Islet, Surigao del Sur (Montecillo) 1979

Type specimen location:
Department of Biology, University of San Carlos, Cebu City

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  • Echinopora litae plate01 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate01

  • Echinopora litae plate02 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate02

  • Echinopora litae plate03 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate03

  • Echinopora litae plate04 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate04

  • Echinopora litae plate05 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate05

  • Echinopora litae plate06 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate06

  • Echinopora litae plate07 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate07

  • Echinopora litae plate08 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate08

  • Echinopora litae plate09 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate09

  • Echinopora litae plate10 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate10

  • Echinopora litae plate11 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate11

  • Echinopora litae plate12 by Katrina S. Luzon and Wilfredo Roehl Y. Licuanan

    Echinopora litae plate12

 
 
 

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