Star Apple (Chrysophyllum cainito) Leaf & Banana (Musa acuminata) Peel Extract as a Hydrophobic Coating for Cardboard

Proponent/s Name/s (Last Name, First Name, Middle Initial)

Ferdie Fernandez Cajucom, University of the CordillerasFollow
MISSY NOELLE CIRIACO VELASCO, University of the CordillerasFollow
Mary Catherine Membrare Alfonso, University of the CordillerasFollow
Crizzane Ramos Barsatan, University of the CordillerasFollow
Sharee Mae Advimcula Tamayo, University of the CordillerasFollow
Ashley Irish Valdez Balneg, University of the CordillerasFollow
David Isaiah Sales Gengania, University of the CordillerasFollow
Rivi Nabusan Wacnisen, University of the CordillerasFollow

Document Types

Paper Presentation

School Name

University of the Cordilleras

Track or Strand

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)

Research Advisor (Last Name, First Name, Middle Initial)

James Nikah Mei I.

Start Date

23-6-2025 1:30 PM

End Date

23-6-2025 3:00 PM

Zoom Link/ Room Assignment

EKR 405

Abstract/Executive Summary

This research aims to find a natural way to make cardboard more water-resistant, increasing its recyclability and lifespan by using banana peels (BP) and star apple leaves (SAL). The inspiration behind this study comes from commercial coatings that are made from synthetic chemicals, such as fluoropolymers and silicone, that can harm the environment. Since cardboard easily absorbs water, the researchers tested different mixtures of BP and SAL to determine which combination works best as a coating. Using ethanol maceration to extract hydrophobic compounds, epicuticular wax was obtained from SAL, while powdered BP was macerated with hexane. The extracts were concentrated using rotary evaporation, then mixed in ratios of 25% BP–75% SAL, 50% BP–50% SAL, and 75% BP–25% SAL. Each mixture was applied to cardboard samples using the dip-coating method, followed by curing at 60°C to enhance durability. The coated cardboards were evaluated for water resistance, moisture absorption, and abrasion durability. Among all the combinations, the 75% BP and 25% SAL mixture showed the highest water resistance, even outperforming Bosny B264, a well-known commercial product. The 50-50 blend also performed well, especially in terms of retaining less moisture, with results close to those of Bosny B264. Based on these findings, BP and SAL are promising and eco-friendly alternatives for waterproofing cardboard. However, more efficient methods for sourcing the materials and lowering production costs need to be developed before the product can be widely adopted.

Keywords

banana peel; eco-friendly coating; water resistance; star apple leaves; sustainable cardboard

Research Theme (for Paper Presentation and Poster Presentation submissions only)

Sustainability, Environment, and Energy (SEE)

Initial Consent for Publication

yes

Statement of Originality

yes