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DLSU Arts Congress Conference Proceedings

Abstract

This study presents the conservation and scientific analysis of a painting by Ang Kiukok, a prominent Filipino National Artist. The project emphasized preventive and restorative conservation, focusing on cleaning methods and pigment identification using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The findings provide valuable insights for developing effective preservation strategies and enhance our understanding of the artist’s materials and techniques, thereby contributing significantly to the documentation and advancement of Philippine art history. Conservation trainees, under expert supervision, followed a structured restoration process. For initial cleaning, three standard materials were used: Vulpex (a non-acidic liquid soap), Artist’s Picture Cleaner, and purified beeswax. These agents removed accumulated dirt, dust, and grime from prolonged urban pollution. After cleaning, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy identified the inorganic pigments in the artwork. The analysis revealed 4.751% Barium (Ba), 2.717% Lead (Pb), 2.803% Zinc (Zn), and 2.319% Sulfur (S), indicating traditional pigments such as Barium White (barium sulfate), Lead White (basic lead carbonate), Zinc White (zinc oxide), and possibly yellow pigments like Cadmium Yellow or Chrome Yellow. To protect the restored painting from future deterioration, storage in a climate-controlled environment is recommended, with temperatures below 21°C and relative humidity under 45%. Light exposure, especially to ultraviolet radiation, should be minimized, and the storage area should remain clean to prevent biological contamination. This conservation initiative stabilized and revitalized a significant cultural artifact and expanded knowledge of Ang Kiukok’s materials and techniques. Such projects highlight the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in preserving cultural heritage and support continued appreciation of Filipino masters’ artworks.

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